(1)按質(zhì)用能觀點(diǎn) (2)連續(xù)生產(chǎn)觀點(diǎn) (3)系統(tǒng)能耗觀點(diǎn) (4)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益觀點(diǎn) (5)發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)觀點(diǎn)